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Michael Lipp 2025-03-06 11:43:32 +01:00
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webpages/auto-login.md
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@ -7,33 +7,34 @@ layout: vm-operator
*Since 4.0.0*
When a user logs in on the web GUI, he has already authenticated with the
VM-Operator. Depending on the environment, it may be tedious to log in again
on the guest. The VM-Operator therefore supports automatic login on the guest
operating system which can streamline the user experience by eliminating
the need for multiple logins. This requires, however, some support from
the guest OS.
When users log into the web GUI, they have already authenticated with the
VM-Operator. In some environments, requiring an additional login on the
guest OS can be cumbersome. To enhance the user experience, the VM-Operator
supports automatic login on the guest operating system, thus eliminating
the need for multiple logins. However, this feature requires specific
support from the guest OS.
## Prepare the VM
Automatic login requires an agent in the guest OS. Similar to QEMU's
standard guest agent, the VM-Operator agent communicates with the host
through a tty device (`/dev/virtio-ports/org.jdrupes.vmop_agent.0`). On a modern
Linux system, the device is detected by `udev` which triggers the start
of a systemd service.
Automatic login requires an agent running inside the guest OS. Similar
to QEMU's standard guest agent, the VM-Operator agent communicates with
the host via a tty device (`/dev/virtio-ports/org.jdrupes.vmop_agent.0`). On
modern Linux systems, `udev` can detect this device and trigger the start
of an associated systemd service.
Sample configuration files can be found
Sample configuration files for a VM-Operator agent are available
[here](https://github.com/mnlipp/VM-Operator/tree/main/dev-example/vmop-agent).
Copy
* `99-vmop-agent.rules` to `/usr/local/lib/udev/rules.d/99-vmop-agent.rules`,
* `vmop-agent` to `/usr/local/libexec/vmop-agent` and
* `vmop-agent.service` to `/usr/local/lib/systemd/system/vmop-agent.service`.
* `99-vmop-agent.rules` → `/usr/local/lib/udev/rules.d/99-vmop-agent.rules`,
* `vmop-agent` → `/usr/local/libexec/vmop-agent` and
* `vmop-agent.service` → `/usr/local/lib/systemd/system/vmop-agent.service`.
Note that some of the target directories do not exist by default and have to
be created first. Don't forget to run `restorecon` on systems with SELinux.
Some of these target directories may not exist by default and must be
created manually. If your system uses SELinux, run `restorecon` to apply
the correct security contexts.
Enable everything:
Enable the agent:
```console
# systemctl daemon-reload
@ -44,17 +45,17 @@ Enable everything:
## The VM operator agent
Communication with the VM-Operator agent follows the pattern established
by protocols such as SMTP and FTP. The agent must handle the commands
"`login <username>`" and "`logout`". In response to these commands, the agent
sends back lines that start with a three digit number. The first digit
determines the type of message: "1" for informational, "2" for success
"4" and "5" for errors. The second digit provides information about the
category that the response relates to. The third digit is specific to
the command.
Communication with the VM-Operator agent follows the pattern established by
protocols such as SMTP and FTP. The agent must handle the commands
"`login <username>`" and "`logout`" on its input. In response to
these commands, the agent sends back lines that start with a three
digit number. The first digit determines the type of message: "1" for
informational, "2" for success and "4" or "5" for errors. The second
digit provides information about the category that a response relates
to. The third digit is specific to the command.
While this describes the general pattern, the only response code that
the runner evaluates are:
While this describes the general pattern, the [runner](runner.html)
only evaluates the following codes:
| Code | Meaning |
| ---- | ------- |
@ -62,17 +63,19 @@ the runner evaluates are:
| 201 | Login command executed successfully |
| 202 | Logout command executed successfully |
The sample script is written for the gnome desktop environment. It assumes
that gdm is running as a service by default. On receiving the login command,
it stops gdm and starts a gnome-session for the given user. On receiving the
logout command, it terminates the session and starts gdm again.
The provided sample script is written for the gnome desktop environment.
It assumes that GDM is running as a service by default. When the agent
receives a login command, it stops GDM and starts a gnome-session for
the specified user. Upon receiving the logout command, it terminates
the session and starts GDM again.
No attempt has been made to make the script configurable. There are too
many possible options. The script should therefore be considered as a
starting point that you can adapt to your needs.
starting point that you may need to adapt to your specific needs.
The sample script also creates new user accounts if a user does not exist
yet. The idea behind this is further explained in the
In addition to starting the desktop for the logged in user, the sample
script automatically creates user accounts if they do not already exist.
The idea behind this behavior is further explained in the
[section about pools](pools.html#vm-pools).
## Enable auto login for a VM
@ -80,5 +83,5 @@ yet. The idea behind this is further explained in the
To enable auto login for a VM, specify the user to be logged in in the VM's
definition with "`spec.vm.display.loggedInUser: user-name`". If everything has been
set up correctly, you should be able to open the console and observe the
change from gdm's login screen to the user's desktop when updating the
transition from GDM's login screen to the user's desktop when updating the
VM's spec.